Which lightning arrester is mostly used?

Lightning arresters can protect electrical equipment from lightning. Usually placed very close to the equipment, lightning arrester will lead high-energy and high-voltage electricity into the ground when lightning comes. There are many factors to be considered in lightning arrester selection, including voltage, current and reliability.

1. Rod type gap arrester
This is a simple type of lightning arrester with a gap between its ends. One end is connected to the circuit and the other end is connected to ground. This gap needs to be opened before damage. When the line voltage is too high, the gap will flash and the fault current will be directed to the earth, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment.
2. Ball gap arrester
The device consists of two hemispheres, one end of which is connected to the circuit and the other to ground. The distance between the two spheres is extremely small, and the choke coil is inserted between the transformer phase winding and the sphere, and then connected to the circuit.
3. Speaker gap arrester
It consists of two trumpet-shaped metal sheets with a small air gap in the middle. The two conductors and the ground are connected in parallel. Normal voltage cannot cross the gap, but abnormal high voltage can breakdown the gap and form a ground path.
4. Multi-gap arrester
It consists of multiple small metal cylinders that are insulated from each other and separated by air gaps, and are grounded at the beginning and end. The required number of gaps depends on the line voltage.
5. Pulse protection gap
Designed for low voltage pulses, even below 1, to extinguish arcs. It consists of two spherical electrodes S1 and S2, which are connected to the circuit and arrester respectively.
6. Electrolyte arrester
This lightning arrester has a large discharge capacity. The principle is to deposit an aluminum hydroxide film on an aluminum plate immersed in electrolyte, which exhibits high resistance to low values ​​and low resistance to over-limit voltages.
7. Expulsion arrester
This lightning arrester is an improvement on the rod gap arrester and seals the power frequency following current. It is composed of high-efficiency fiber tubes with isolating spark gaps and interrupting spark gaps.